Hydrolyses dietary protein at gastric pH; supports protein digestion in low-acid stomach states; complements pepsin activity
Structural component of neuronal and retinal membranes; supports cognitive function, vision, and cardiovascular health
Structural component of neuronal and retinal membranes; supports cognitive function, vision, and cardiovascular health
Hydrolyses raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose in legumes and cruciferous vegetables; reduces fermentable substrate available for colonic gas production
Mitochondrial cofactor; regenerates vitamins C, E, and glutathione; improves insulin sensitivity and peripheral nerve function
Whole-food vitamin C source; antioxidant via tannin and gallic acid co-factors; gentler GI profile than synthetic ascorbic acid
Whole-fruit antioxidant complex; gentle vitamin C delivery via tannin-bound release; supports lipid metabolism and gastric integrity
Provides bioavailable magnesium with co-occurring trace minerals; supports muscle, nervous system, and bone function
B-vitamins function as essential co-factors in energy metabolism, nervous system function, methylation pathways, and red blood cell formation. Each B-vitamin has a specific enzymatic role — together they support the body's ability to convert dietary carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into usable energy, maintain neural function, regulate homocysteine levels, and support cellular replication.
Spore form survives gastric acid intact; germinates in the small intestine; produces L(+) lactic acid, supports gut barrier and immune function
Leucine activates mTOR-mediated muscle protein synthesis; BCAAs serve as direct fuel during prolonged exercise; reduce central fatigue
NF-κB inhibition; COX-2 downregulation; anti-inflammatory and antioxidant via Nrf2 pathway; essential oils enhance curcuminoid absorption
Provides inorganic nitrate (NO3⁻) for the nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway; supports vasodilation and mitochondrial efficiency; antioxidant betalains
Increases intramuscular carnosine; buffers H+ accumulation during high-intensity exercise; delays neuromuscular fatigue
Competes with cholesterol absorption at intestinal Niemann-Pick C1L1 transporter; supports prostate health via 5-alpha reductase modulation
Methyl donor in homocysteine remethylation; cellular osmolyte protecting against dehydration stress; supports power output and body composition
5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition; reduces leukotriene-mediated inflammation; supports joint comfort and gut inflammation
Allyl isothiocyanate content stimulates digestive secretions; thermogenic via TRPV1 receptor activation
Hydrolyses peptide bonds in protein; supports digestion of dietary protein, modulates inflammation, and aids post-exercise recovery
Plant-source calcium with co-occurring magnesium and 72 trace minerals; supports bone mineral density and joint comfort
A natural carotenoid complex made of a synergistic blend of five essential carotenoids (Lutein, Zeaxanthin, Beta-Carotene, Alpha-Carotene, and Lycopene)
Plant-derived capsule shell for solid oral dosage forms
Potentiates insulin receptor signalling; supports glucose disposal; modulates carbohydrate cravings via brain glucose sensing
Acidifies hydration and effervescent formulations; chelates trace metal ions for stability
Capillary stabilisation; vitamin C synergist via redox cycling; venous tone support and anti-inflammatory action
Provides chocolate flavour, colour, and natural antioxidant flavanols
Carries electrons between Complexes I/II and III in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, supporting ATP synthesis; lipophilic membrane antioxidant; declines with age and statin use
Cofactor for ceruloplasmin, cytochrome c oxidase, and superoxide dismutase; required for iron mobilisation and connective tissue cross-linking
Type-A PACs inhibit P-fimbriated E. coli adhesion to uroepithelial cells; preventive against recurrent urinary tract infections
Increases phosphocreatine stores; accelerates ATP resynthesis during high-intensity efforts; supports cognitive performance under stress
Phytosterol and cucurbitin content modulates androgen metabolism; supports lower urinary tract function and detrusor muscle tone
NF-κB inhibition; COX-2 downregulation; antioxidant via Nrf2 pathway activation
Carbazole alkaloids (mahanimbine, koenimbine) and iron content support antioxidant defence and haematological function
Lipid-soluble antioxidant; protects polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes; supports vascular endothelial function
Direct modulator of ovarian theca cell androgen synthesis; insulin signalling cofactor; complementary to myo-inositol in PCOS protocols
Whole-food source of lycopene, beta-carotene, and potassium; matrix-bound antioxidants with food-form bioavailability
Absorbed directly via SGLT1 transporter without hydrolysis; immediate glycaemic and insulinogenic response; primary substrate for high-intensity exercise and post-exercise glycogen repletion
Bioavailable iron for haemoglobin synthesis; required for oxygen transport, cellular energy, and cognitive function
ALA omega-3 source (~22%); lignan content (secoisolariciresinol diglucoside) supports estrogen metabolism; fibre supports lipid and glycaemic control
Absorbed via GLUT5 transporter independently of glucose; spares glucose-pathway saturation during prolonged endurance exercise
Endo-cleaves alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds in starch; produces dextrins and maltose for further digestion by glucoamylase and mucosal disaccharidases
Gingerols and shogaols inhibit COX and 5-LOX; serotonin 5-HT3 antagonism supports anti-emetic effect; thermogenic and digestive stimulant
Cleaves alpha-1,4 and alpha-1,6 glycosidic bonds at non-reducing ends of starch and dextrin; complements alpha-amylase for complete carbohydrate digestion
Inhibitory neurotransmitter at glycine receptors; substrate for collagen, glutathione, and creatine synthesis; supports sleep onset via core body temperature reduction
Oligomeric proanthocyanidin antioxidants; vascular protection via endothelial NO support; collagen stabilisation
Oligomeric proanthocyanidin antioxidants; vascular protection via endothelial NO support; collagen stabilisation
EGCG-mediated antioxidant action; thermogenic via norepinephrine sparing; supports metabolic rate and lipid oxidation
Cortisol attenuation and HPA axis support; antioxidant via eugenol and ursolic acid; immunomodulatory and glycaemic support
Multi-strain Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium blend; restores gut microbial balance after antibiotic therapy and digestive disruption; supports barrier integrity
Restores intracellular inositol phosphoglycan availability; improves insulin sensitivity and ovarian FSH response