Natural Caffeine

Active individuals and elite athletes use caffeine to
improve performance. Being alert and having a quick reaction time and increased
endurance and energy are vital to any athlete for optimal performance. Caffeine
is a well-known ergogenic compound to improve mental focus, alertness, and
energy.

Caffeine ingestion prior to exercise increases performance
during prolonged endurance exercise and short-term intense exercise lasting ~5
min [1].

Our Formulation

Unived’s Natural Caffeine (200mg) is obtained from Green Tea
Extract.

Mode of Action:

1. Caffeine acts in the central nervous system (CNS) as an
inhibitor of adenosine thereby inhibiting the negative effects that adenosine
induces on neurotransmission  (adenosine
mediates the perception of drowsiness). Caffeine prevents adenosine from acting
and results in alertness and delayed fatigue. This enhances the release of
dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine and GABA. [2], [6].

2. Caffeine increases intracellular concentrations of cyclic
adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by inhibiting phosphodiesterase enzymes in
skeletal muscle and adipose tissues. Caffeine also increases adrenaline. These
actions promote lipolysis via the activation of hormone-sensitive lipases with
the release of free fatty acids and glycerol. The increased availability of
these fuels in skeletal muscle acts to spare the consumption of muscle
glycogen. This prolongs energy [5].

3. Stimulates calcium release from the sarcoplasmic
reticulum during muscle contraction. This increases the strength and duration
of contractions in skeletal muscles [2], [6].

References:

1. Spriet, L. L. (1995). Caffeine and Performance,
International Journal of Sports Nutrition, 5(s1), S84-S99. Retrieved Nov 30,
2022.

2. Mielgo-Ayuso, Juan, et al. "Effect of caffeine
supplementation on sports performance based on differences between sexes: a
systematic review." Nutrients 11.10 (2019): 2313.

3. Martins, Gabriel Loureiro, et al. "Caffeine and
exercise performance: Possible directions for definitive findings."
Frontiers in sports and active living 2 (2020): 574854.

4. Cappelletti S, Piacentino D, Sani G, Aromatario M.
Caffeine: cognitive and physical performance enhancer or psychoactive drug?
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2015 Jan;13(1):71-88. doi:
10.2174/1570159X13666141210215655. Erratum in: Curr Neuropharmacol. 2015;13(4):554.
Daria, Piacentino [corrected to Piacentino, Daria]. PMID: 26074744; PMCID:
PMC4462044.

5. Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Military
Nutrition Research. Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance:
Formulations for Military Operations. Washington (DC): National Academies Press
(US); 2001. 2, Pharmacology of Caffeine.

6. Khan A, Abdalla M A, Zakhary C M, et al. (September 06,
2021) The Relationship Between Caffeine and Caffeinated Drinks in Causing
Intracranial Hemorrhage in the Elderly Aspirin-Taking Population: A Systematic
Review. Cureus 13(9): e17783. doi:10.7759/cureus.17783