Taurine (2-aminoethane-sulfonic acid) is a sulfur-containing
amino acid w is a natural amino acid present as a free form in many mammalian
tissues and in particular in skeletal muscle. Rich sources of dietary taurine
come from the consumption of animal proteins [4]
High-intensity sports associated with increased production
of free radicals and oxidative stress may compromise an athlete's performance.
Taurine has been studied as a potent antioxidant due to the presence of
sulfonic acid, which promotes antioxidant benefits. Furthermore, taurine is
proposed to generate several physiological effects including regulation of
calcium homeostasis in both skeletal muscle and cardiac tissue, increased
muscle force, improved lipid metabolism, and increased insulin. In addition, taurine
may improve carbohydrate metabolism and favor glycogen resynthesis. [1] Taurine
is also shown to protect retinal cells and minimize toxicity in the eyes and
has a beneficial effect on the central nervous system and skeletal muscles
improving endurance and exercise performance [3]
A taurine deficiency is rare. Taurine supplements are most
beneficial for people who follow a strict vegetarian diet, as the dietary
source of taurine is from animal protein.
Our Formulation
Unived delivers 650mg L-Taurine per serving.
Mode of Action:
- Increases taurine plasma and decreases oxidative stress
markers [1]. - Can increase lipolysis and reduce the contribution from
glycolytic metabolism, thereby altering fuel utilization and improving the
metabolic efficiency of exercise and increase performance. [4] - Plays a role in fat metabolism, inhibiting oxidative stress
by improving mitochondrial function and improving mitochondrial biogenesis and
respiratory function, which is associated with improvements in aerobic
metabolism [4] - Decrease superoxide radical production. Taurine may affect
skeletal muscle contraction by decreasing oxidative stress, in association with
decreased superoxide radical production. [4] - Taurine is proposed to function as an antioxidant of ROS and
promote recovery after exercise. This may promote an improved cellular
environment to tolerate exercise oxidative stress.[4] - Maintains calcium ion homeostasis by ensuring calcium
re-uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum [4, 3]. - May have an antihypertensive effect via vasodilatation (by
reducing adrenergic and angiotensin II actions as well as calcium-induced
vasospasm) along with a reduced risk of cardiac arrhythmias via modulation of
ion channels and ionic homeostasis [3] - Taurine demonstrates multiple cellular functions including a
central role as a neurotransmitter, as a trophic factor in CNS development, in
maintaining the structural integrity of the membrane, in regulating calcium
transport and homeostasis, as an osmolyte, as a neuromodulator and as a
neuroprotectant [5] - May improve aerobic performance, anaerobic performance,
recovery (DOMS), and a decrease in metabolic markers [4]. - Enhances endurance capacity by delaying blood glucose
decline during prolonged exercise [6] - Protect retinal cells from oxidative damage and reduces
reactive retinal glyosis [2]. - Helps in bile salt synthesis in the liver and to aid in
digestion [3].
References:
1. De Carvalho FG, Galan BSM, Santos PC, Pritchett K,
Pfrimer K, Ferriolli E, Papoti M, Marchini JS, de Freitas EC. Taurine: A
Potential Ergogenic Aid for Preventing Muscle Damage and Protein Catabolism and
Decreasing Oxidative Stress Produced by Endurance Exercise. Front Physiol. 2017
Sep 20;8:710. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00710. PMID: 28979213; PMCID: PMC5611412.
2. Castelli V, Paladini A, d'Angelo M, Allegretti M,
Mantelli F, Brandolini L, Cocchiaro P, Cimini A, Varrassi G. Taurine and
oxidative stress in retinal health and disease. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2021
Apr;27(4):403-412. doi: 10.1111/cns.13610. Epub 2021 Feb 23. PMID: 33621439;
PMCID: PMC7941169.
3. De Luca, Annamaria, Sabata Pierno, and Diana Conte
Camerino. "Taurine: the appeal of a safe amino acid for skeletal muscle
disorders." Journal of translational medicine 13.1 (2015): 1-18.
4. Kurtz, Jennifer A., et al. "Taurine in sports and
exercise." Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 18.1
(2021): 1-20.
5. Wu JY, Prentice H. Role of taurine in the central nervous
system. J Biomed Sci. 2010 Aug 24;17 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S1. doi:
10.1186/1423-0127-17-S1-S1. PMID: 20804583; PMCID: PMC2994408.
6. Komine, S., Miyazaki, T., Ishikura, K. et al. Taurine
supplementation enhances endurance capacity by delaying blood glucose decline
during prolonged exercise in rats. Amino Acids 54, 251–260 (2022).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-021-03110-8
